The Esala Perahera in Kandy is one of the most celebrated and historically significant cultural events in Sri Lanka. This magnificent festival takes place annually in the city of Kandy, usually during the months of July and August. The Esala Perahera, also known as the Festival of the Tooth, is a unique blend of religious devotion, cultural heritage, and artistic expression, drawing visitors from around the globe to witness its grandeur.
Historical Significance
The roots of the Esala Perahera trace back to ancient times, believed to have been started in the 3rd century BCE. It celebrates the sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha, which is housed in the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, also known as Sri Dalada Maligawa, in Kandy. The Tooth Relic holds immense religious significance for Buddhists, symbolizing the presence and teachings of the Buddha in Sri Lanka.
The Procession
The Esala Perahera is renowned for its grand procession, which unfolds over ten nights. The streets of Kandy come alive with a vibrant parade that features a breathtaking display of color, music, and spirituality. The procession is led by a majestic elephant, adorned with a lavishly decorated canopy, carrying a replica of the Tooth Relic. This revered elephant, known as the Maligawa Tusker, is a symbol of honor and pride in the festival.
Dancers and Drummers
The procession is a sensory feast, with hundreds of traditional dancers, drummers, and musicians adding to the spectacle. The traditional Kandyan dancers, with their intricate costumes and graceful movements, captivate the audience, performing age-old rituals that have been passed down through generations. The rhythmic beats of the traditional drums, including the geta bera, yak bera, and thammattama, create an enchanting auditory experience that resonates through the night.
Cultural Diversity
Esala Perahera is not only a Buddhist festival but also a celebration of Sri Lanka’s multicultural heritage. The procession includes participants from various ethnic and religious backgrounds, showcasing the island’s diverse cultural tapestry. Hindu, Muslim, and Christian communities also participate, highlighting the spirit of unity and harmony that defines Sri Lanka.
Elephants in the Procession
The elephants in the Esala Perahera are a sight to behold. These gentle giants are adorned with elaborate garments and jewelry, creating a majestic presence. The highlight of the procession is the Maligawa Tusker, which carries the sacred Tooth Relic in a golden casket. The elephants symbolize strength and wisdom, and their participation in the festival is a testament to the deep connection between nature and spirituality in Sri Lankan culture.
Rituals and Traditions
The Esala Perahera is steeped in rituals and traditions that have been preserved over centuries. The festival begins with the Kap Situveema, a ritual involving the planting of a sanctified jackfruit tree branch. This ceremony marks the commencement of the Perahera and signifies a request for blessings and protection.
The Randoli Perahera
The final five nights of the Esala Perahera are known as the Randoli Perahera, considered the most spectacular phase of the festival. During these nights, the grandeur of the procession reaches its peak, with more elaborate decorations and a greater number of participants. The streets of Kandy are filled with locals and tourists eager to witness the culmination of the festival in all its glory.
Diya Kepeema
The festival concludes with the Diya Kepeema, a water-cutting ceremony that takes place at the Mahaweli River. This ritual symbolizes purification and is an essential aspect of the Esala Perahera. Priests and temple custodians perform the ceremony, offering prayers for prosperity and protection.
Planning Your Visit
Attending the Esala Perahera in Kandy is an unforgettable experience, but it requires careful planning to make the most of your visit. Here are some tips to help you prepare for this incredible cultural journey:
Timing and Dates
The Esala Perahera usually takes place in July or August, but the exact dates vary each year based on the lunar calendar. It is essential to check the festival dates in advance and plan your visit accordingly. The final nights of the Randoli Perahera are particularly popular, so consider arriving early to secure a good viewing spot.
Accommodation
Kandy experiences a surge in visitors during the Esala Perahera, making it crucial to book accommodation well in advance. There is a wide range of options, from luxury hotels to budget guesthouses, catering to different preferences and budgets. Staying close to the city center will provide easy access to the procession routes.
Viewing Spots
Finding a good viewing spot is key to enjoying the Esala Perahera. The main procession route runs through the streets surrounding the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic. Many hotels and restaurants offer balcony seating with excellent views, but these spots can be expensive and fill up quickly. Arriving early and securing a place along the roadside is a popular option for budget travelers.
Dress Code and Etiquette
The Esala Perahera is a religious and cultural event, so it is important to dress modestly and respectfully. Wearing light, comfortable clothing that covers the shoulders and knees is recommended. It is also customary to remove hats and shoes when entering the temple premises. Respectful behavior and mindfulness of local customs will enhance your experience and show appreciation for the cultural significance of the event.
Conclusion
The Esala Perahera in Kandy is a mesmerizing celebration of Sri Lanka’s rich cultural heritage and spiritual traditions. With its vibrant procession, traditional performances, and deep-rooted rituals, the festival offers a unique glimpse into the island’s history and diversity. Whether you are a traveler seeking a cultural adventure or a spiritual journey, the Esala Perahera promises an unforgettable experience that will leave you enchanted and inspired.
Plan your visit to Kandy during this spectacular festival and immerse yourself in the magic of the Esala Perahera. Witness the devotion, artistry, and unity that define this extraordinary event, and discover why it remains one of Sri Lanka’s most cherished cultural treasures.